Alvin Plantinga defends Theological Compatibilism (TC) and Essential- ism about property possession (E). TC is the claim that human freedom to act otherwise and God’s essential omniscience are compatible, while E is the claim that every individual entity whatsoever has a modal profile consisting in having both essential and accidental properties. I purport to show that, if E is assumed in the argument for TC, then the latter leads to a very puzzling upshot. I also intend to show that, even (...) if TC is suitably fixed in order to avoid that upshot, TC is still unconvincing in that it merges into one the de re and the de dicto rendering of ‘human freedom to act otherwise’; I end up by briefly sketching why the two renderings should instead be kept well apart. (shrink)

The right to ‘domestic remedies’, which ideally connects ‘subsidiarity’ and ‘embeddedness’ of the ECHR in the legal systems of member States, is deemed to play a crucial role for the Strasbourg machinery survival as well as for an effective protection of human rights, especially in the field of the ‘reasonable-time’ requirement. In this respect the Italian case seems an excellent test. Once a compensatory remedy was introduced in the Italian legal system by Law No. 80 of 2001 (the ‘Pinto Act’), (...) it soon appeared that such a remedy could be considered ‘effective’ in so far as it was implemented in accordance with the ECtHR’s jurisprudence. Therefore a legal tool for the interaction between ECtHR and Italian courts had to be found. Nevertheless, the results of this interaction might suggest that the domestic remedy has neither increased the protection of the reasonable-time requirement in Italy nor is it the final solution to the ECtHR’s overload. (shrink)

There are two main tendencies regarding the recent Italian translations from Heidegger: on the one hand there is a tendency of making his thought comprehensible to the Italian public by any means; on the other hand there is the determination to render the text so faithfully as to risk stretching the limits of the Italian language – and having to resort to references to the glossary, as is the case of the latest translation of Holzwege. The admirable thinking efforts that (...) also laybehind the attempts in the latter tendency can be better supported by hypertextual electronic publishing. (shrink)

The article dissects Grosseteste’s theory of the origin of bodily motion discussed in De motu corporali et luce. The first section examines Grosseteste’s discussion of the metaphysical structure of...

ABSTRACT The article aims to examine the behavior of contemporary speech genre theory in the analysis of Pauline epistles. The genre of letters is conceived within its original communicative purpose, limited to sender and receivers, whereas the epistle refers to the letter read outside of its original context, considered as literature. The research corpus is composed of the Corinthian epistles of the New Testament, which are accepted as authored by the Apostle Paul. They are selected due to their shared audience, (...) enabling a comparison of production context aspects in the apostle’s writings over time. Research findings include: letters that acquire new meanings, when transformed into epistles with a broader readership; the epistle genre, despite undergoing significant modifications, remains recognizable to present-day readers due to its macrostructure; the social role and communicative intent of the sender that result in alternating usage of formal and informal language, as well as variations in discourse person. (shrink)

In this paper, I propose and defend an account of the nature and the epistemology of religious beliefs loosely inspired by Wittgenstein´s remarks on the structure of reason and on the nature of religious beliefs. I argue that following and developing his account we can not only make a strong case for the prima facie rationality of religious beliefs but also, and more importantly, cast new light on the epistemology of religious disagreement. Keywords: Wittgenstein. Hinges. Epistemic warrant. Religious disagreement.

This study deals with Dominicus Gundissalinus’s discussion on metaphysics as philosophical discipline. Gundissalinus’s translation and re-elaboration of al-Fārābī’s Iḥṣā’ al-ʿulūm furnish him, in the De scientiis, a specific and detailed procedure for metaphysical analysis articulated in two different stages, an ascending and a descending one. This very same procedure is presented by Gundissalinus also in his De divisione philosophiae, where the increased number of sources –in particular, Avicenna– does not prevent Gundissalinus to quote the entire passage on the methods of (...) metaphysical science from the Iḥṣā’ al-ʿulūm, with some slight changes in his Latin translation. The analytical procedure herein proposed becomes an effective ‘metaphysical programme’ with regards to Gundissalinus’s onto-cosmological writing, the De processione mundi. The comparative analysis of this treatise with the procedure received by al-Fārābī shows Gundissalinus’s effort to follow and apply this metaphysical programme to his own reflection, in a whole different context from al-Fārābī’s and presenting doctrines quite opposed to the theoretical ground on which al-Fārābī’s epistemology is based, like ibn Gabirol’s universal hylomorphism. Nevertheless, thanks to the application of the ‘metaphysical programme’, one can effectively claim that Gundissalinus’s metaphysics is, at least in the author’s intentions, a well-defined metaphysical system. In appendix to this article the three Latin versions of al-Fārābī’s discussion on metaphysics are reported, e.g., Gundissalinus’s quotations in De scientiis and De divisione philosophiae, and Gerard of Cremona’s translation in his De scientiis. (shrink)

L’article propose une relecture du texte Die Sitte publié par Ferdinand Tönnies en 1909. Ce texte nous donne une perspective stratégique pour améliorer notre compréhension de la longue réflexion que Tönnies consacre, pendant toute sa vie, au concept de communauté. Il nous montre que cette entreprise théorique contribue à réévaluer la notion d’obligation dont la pensée politique moderne a fait une notion clé depuis Hobbes. En ce sens, la sociologie de Tönnies participe d’une intention théorique qui est au cœur du (...) projet de la sociologie classique. Cette intention consiste à voir dans la sociologie une intervention épistémique dans la pensée politique des modernes capable de produire une critique de ses concepts fondamentaux. (shrink)

This paper is about the development of a face-to-face collaborative technology to support shifting attitudes of participants in conflict via a narration task. The work is based on two cultural elements: conflict resolution theory and the design of a collaboration enforcing interface designed specifically for the task. The general claim is that participants may achieve a greater understanding of and appreciation for the other’s viewpoint under conditions that support partaking in a tangible joint task and creating a shared narration. Specifically, (...) a co-located interface for producing a joint narration as a tool for favoring reconciliation is presented and discussed. The process based on this technology implicitly includes classical steps in conflict resolution approaches, such as escalation and de-escalation. Our goal is to show that this interface is effective and constitutes an alternative to a typical face-to-face moderated discussion. (shrink)

Was hält die Gesellschaft wie unsichtbarer Zement zusammen? Cornelius Castoriadis' (1922-1997) Begriff des »Imaginären« gibt eine differenzierte Antwort. Nicola Condoleos Untersuchung klärt systematisch die mit dem Imaginären verbundenen Kernbegriffe wie Entfremdung, Autonomie und Anerkennung, die bisher zu wenig Beachtung fanden. Das staatliche Gewaltmonopol wird von verschiedenen Seiten beschrieben und analysiert, um den imaginären Anteil in dieser Diskussion beispielhaft zu erläutern. Die Studie denkt nicht nur grundlegende Aspekte der Sozialtheorie neu, sondern kann auch als Einführung in die Philosophie von Castoriadis (...) gelesen werden. (shrink)

This article is dedicated to the intersection between the literary politics and the educational ideas of the German New Right. Focusing on two authors from the context of Antaios publishing, the first part deals with New Right educational concepts and the second part with a New Right pedagogy of literature, mimetic reading practices, and the figure of the reading mother.

The article explores the possibilities of literary studies as a hermeneutics of the social by focusing on intermediations of literary and social studies in the present and in the early days of the DVjs, i.e. in the 1920s. It first investigates, how sociology interrogates itself by reading detective stories (Kracauer, Boltanski). As a testing ground for the productivity of the proposed orientation the article then takes a closer look at German crime fiction of the interwar years (Perutz, Jacques) and demonstrates (...) how these novels problematize the workings of a social imaginary in the »time of monsters«. (shrink)

Utilizing a critical approach, this article aims to interpret two of the most important concepts of Husserl’s late work: crisis (Krisis) and original foundation (Urstiftung). Special attention is paid to the metaphorological background as well to the unintended implications of Husserl’s use of both concepts.

The essay investigates the anthropological concept of personhood from the point of view of the dialectics between two fundamental elements of the socio-cultural, linguistic, and semiotic construction of the self-identity of the human species: on the one hand, the human face and, on the other, the non-human muzzle. After demonstrating that their semantics is contrastively articulated in all Indo-European languages, and after showing that such contrast is featured also in several non-Indo-European languages, including those referring to supposedly alternative “ontologies of (...) nature”, the essay criticizes such opposition through a close reading of Lévinas, Deleuze and Guattari, and Derrida’s philosophical texts on the face and on animality. Ultimately, it proposes that the construction of the animal muzzle as an interface of non-personhood is instrumental to the substitution of the human victim in the sacrifice that establishes the human community. Only through eradicating the primordial stigmatization of the muzzle, however, will a non-violent foundation of human personhood and community be possible. (shrink)

This article analyses the peculiarities of Dominicus Gundissalinus’s reading and use of Avicenna’s writings in his original works. Gundissalinus (1120ca – post 1190) is the Latin translator of Avicenna’s De anima and Liber de philosophia prima, but also an original philosopher whose writings are precious witnesses of the very first reception of Avicennian philosophy in the Latin West. The article points out the structural bond with the Persian philosopher upon which Gundissalinus grounds his own speculation. This contribution stresses, in particular, (...) the important role played by Avicenna’s psychology, epistemology, and metaphysics in order to provide Gundissalinus with a different set of answers to at least two main questions. On the one hand, the problem of creatural existence and cosmological causation, concerning which Gundissalinus tends to doctrinally merge Avicenna with Ibn Gabirol. On the other hand, Avicenna’s influence is crucial for Gundissalinus’s attempt at elaborating a new system of knowledge, which was supposed to be able to include the new sciences made available by the translation movement, but that also needed to be internally organised through firm epistemological principles. Beside his crucial contribution as translator, Gundissalinus’s first philosophical encounter with the Avicenna paved the road for the subsequent reception of the Persian philosopher’s works, opening a hermeneutical perspective which would be pivotal for the thirteenth-century discussions on soul, knowledge, and being. (shrink)

La phénoménologie vise à décrire les choses mêmes telles qu'elles se donnent à la conscience, sans y ajouter des éléments tirés d'héritages métaphysiques ou d'interprétations traditionnelles. Mais à cette fin, elle doit élucider le langage dans lequel elle tend à réaliser ce programme. Ce langage peut-il consister en une expression 'pure,' spontanée, ou doit-il se démarquer des usages quotidiens? N'est-il pas nécessairement marqué par une histoire, et n'obéit-il pas, qu'il le veuille ou non, à une rhétorique? Ne reconnaît-on d'ailleurs pas (...) la phénoménologie à un certain style? De telles questions n'ont été ignorées ni par Husserl, ni par Heidegger, ni par Merleau-Ponty, ni par Ricoeur, ni par Hans Blumenberg, ni par Marc Richir--autant d'auteurs ici étudiés pour les réponses très variées qu'ils y ont apportées, pour la façon dont ils ont thématisé le rapport de la philosophie à son médium linguistique et au langage ordinaire, les modalités de la description, l'histoire de la rhétorique ou encore les apports possibles de la littérature (Goethe, Claude Simon...), de l'herméneutique, de la linguistique (Jakobson) et de l'art en général. Les études réunies ici explorent ces 'langages de la phénoménologie,' avec aussi la traduction d'un texte inédit en français de Hans Blumenberg sur le traitement husserlien des 'significations occasionnelles'."--Page 4 of cover. (shrink)